The adenoids are small glands located in the back of the nose, near the roof of the mouth. They are part of the immune system and help to fight off infections. The adenoids are larger in children and regress in size as we age. However, they may persist in some adults. Inflammation of the adenoids is called adenoiditis. Symptoms of adenoiditis may include sore throat, difficulty swallowing, and nasal congestion. In some cases, the adenoids can become infected, leading to fever and other symptoms of a respiratory infection.
Adenoid facies is a term used to describe the facial appearance that can result from enlarged adenoids. When the adenoids become enlarged, they can block the airways and cause difficulty breathing through the nose. This can lead to mouth breathing, which can cause changes in the facial structure and appearance. Features of adenoid facies include a prominent forehead, sunken cheeks, narrow nasal bridge, upturned nose, and a small mouth with the upper lip appearing to protrude.
Adenoidectomy is typically recommended for individuals who have chronic or recurrent infections of the adenoids, such as recurring episodes of sinusitis or tonsillitis. In some cases, adenoidectomy may also be recommended to improve breathing in individuals with sleep-disordered breathing or obstructive sleep apnea. In rare cases, adenoidectomy may be performed to remove a tumor or other growth on the adenoids.
Treatment for adenoiditis may include antibiotics to clear the infection and decongestants to reduce swelling in the adenoids. In severe or recurrent cases, adenoidectomy may be necessary.
The procedure is done under general anaesthesia. Adenoidectomy is very often combined with tonsillectomy. The procedure is done transorally and leaves no external scar. It usually requires two days of hospital admission. The patient can resume normal activities in 5-7 days.
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