Hearing disorders, also known as hearing loss or hearing impairment, refer to a range of conditions that affect an individual's ability to hear sounds. Symptoms of hearing loss may include difficulty in understanding speech, especially in noisy environments, and the need to turn up the volume on televisions or radios.
These disorders can range from mild hearing loss to severe deafness, and can be caused by a variety of factors such as genetics, illness, injury, or aging. Some common hearing disorders include:
Conductive hearing loss: This type of hearing loss is caused by problems with the outer or middle ear, such as fluid in the ear (Otitis media with effusion or OME), ear infection, or a perforated eardrum (Chronic otitis media or COM-mucosal type).
Sensorineural hearing loss: This type of hearing loss is caused by damage to the inner ear or the auditory nerve, and is often permanent. It can be caused by aging (presbycusis), loud noises (Noise induced hearing loss or NIHL), or certain medications.
Mixed hearing loss: This type of hearing loss is a combination of conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.
Central auditory processing disorder: This disorder affects the way the brain processes and interprets sound, even though the ears are functioning normally.
Treatment for hearing disorders varies depending on the cause and severity of the disorder. In some cases, hearing aids or other assistive devices may be necessary. In more severe cases, surgery may be necessary. It is important to consult with a doctor if you suspect you or a loved one may have a hearing disorder.
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