Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic digestive disorder that occurs when stomach acid flows back up into the esophagus, causing symptoms such as heartburn, chest pain, and difficulty swallowing.
Laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) is a type of acid reflux that occurs when stomach acid flows back up into the larynx (voice box) and pharynx (throat). This can cause symptoms such as hoarseness, coughing, and difficulty swallowing.
GERD is commonly associated with a hiatal hernia, in which part of the stomach protrudes through the diaphragm and into the chest. Risk factors for GERD include obesity, smoking, and certain medications.
Treatment for GERD may include medications to reduce stomach acid production, lifestyle changes to avoid trigger foods and beverages, and weight loss if necessary. In some cases, surgery may be needed to repair a hiatal hernia or prevent acid reflux.
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